Article: Experimental test of Hatano and Sasa’s nonequilibrium steady-state equality
E. H. Trepagnier, C. Jarzynski, F. Ritort, G. E. Crooks, C. J. Bustamante, and J. Liphardt, PNAS 101: 15038-15041 (2004)
Abstract
Most natural processes occur far from equilibrium and cannot be treated within the framework of classical thermodynamics. In 1998, Oono and Paniconi proposed a general phenomenological framework, steady-state thermodynamics, encompassing nonequilibrium steady states. Hatano and Sasa derived a nonequilibrium steady-state equality that is central to this framework and is experimentally testable. We provide the first experimental test of Hatano and Sasa’s relation using a colloidal particle that is driven between two nonequilibrium steady states.
